India is one of the largest milk-producing countries in the world, and a big reason for this is the large number of dairy cows found across villages and farms. However, many people wonder — how much milk does an Indian cow actually give per day? The answer depends on several factors like breed, diet, health, and farm management.
Average Milk Production of Indian Cows
On average, an Indian cow gives:
- 2 to 6 litres of milk per day in traditional village conditions
- 8 to 15 litres per day for high-yield indigenous breeds with proper care
- 20 to 35 litres per day for crossbreeds and exotic breeds like Holstein Friesian and Jersey
Milk Production by Different Types of Cows in India
| Cow Breed | Type | Average Daily Milk Production |
| Gir | Indigenous (Desi) | 8 – 12 litres/day |
| Sahiwal | Indigenous | 10 – 15 litres/day |
| Red Sindhi | Indigenous | 6 – 10 litres/day |
| Tharparkar | Indigenous | 8 – 12 litres/day |
| Rathi | Indigenous | 6 – 10 litres/day |
| Holstein Friesian (HF) | Crossbreed/Exotic | 20 – 35 litres/day |
| Jersey | Crossbreed | 15 – 25 litres/day |
| Normal village desi cow | Local non-breed | 2 – 5 litres/day |
Why Do Desi Cows Give Less Milk Compared to Foreign Breeds?
Indigenous Indian cows like Gir, Sahiwal, and Rathi are known for high-quality, A2 milk, but their milk quantity is naturally lower. On the other hand, foreign breeds like Holstein Friesian (HF) and Jersey are developed for commercial dairy farming, so they can produce more milk with the right care.
Factors That Affect Milk Production in Indian Cows
| Factor | Effect on Milk Yield |
| Breed | Exotic and crossbreeds give more milk than local cows |
| Nutrition | Balanced diet with green fodder, dry fodder, and mineral mix increases milk output |
| Health | Regular vaccination and deworming help maintain high productivity |
| Milking Method | Proper milking technique prevents stress and boosts production |
| Environment | Clean and stress-free shed improves cow comfort and milk flow |
| Lactation Stage | Milk production is highest 1–3 months after calving and gradually reduces |
How Much Milk in One Lactation Cycle?
A lactation cycle is the period when a cow gives milk after calving.
- Desi breeds: 1,500 to 2,500 litres per lactation
- Sahiwal and Gir cows: 2,500 to 3,500 litres
- HF and Jersey cows: 5,000 to 10,000 litres or even more with scientific dairy management
Which Indian Cow Breed Is Best for Milk?
- Best Desi Cow for Milk: Sahiwal and Gir
- Best Crossbreed: Holstein Friesian (HF) × Indian cow
- Best for A2 Milk: Gir, Sahiwal, Tharparkar, and Red Sindhi
Conclusion
The amount of milk an Indian cow gives depends mainly on the breed and care provided. In general:
- Local village cows produce 2–5 litres per day
- Pure Indian breeds like Gir and Sahiwal can give 8–15 litres/day
- Crossbreeds like Holstein Friesian and Jersey can produce 20–35 litres/day with good feeding and management
With better nutrition, hygiene, and veterinary care, India’s milk production can increase further while keeping the quality intact.